Technological Innovation: Development Trend And Direction Of New Textile Fiber Materials

The new fiber is called new fiber, mainly fiber shape, performance or other aspects different from the original traditional fiber, and in order to meet the needs of production and life, in some aspects improved fibers. The new fibers can be divided into new natural fibers, new cellulose fibers, soybean protein fiber, water soluble fiber, functional fiber, differential fiber, high performance fiber and high sensitive fiber.

The new fiber is the traditional fiber is no longer satisfied with the needs of people in some aspects, to solve the defects of traditional fibers came into being. It reflects people's demand for textile materials. At the same time, the development of new fibers reflects the development trend and direction of fiber materials in the future. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the current development and types of new fibers for further development and development of new fibers in the future.

Development prospects of new fibers

With the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the current development of new fibers, it is easy to see that the development trend of new fibers is now developing towards diversification, novelty and environmental protection. With the improvement of people's living standard and the defects of some fibers, people are not only satisfied with the fibers they are developing, but also diversify in fiber materials. The development of new products of various fabrics requires the emergence of new kinds of fibers. This requires the novelty of new fibers; because of the large environmental problems caused by chemical fiber production process and waste fibers, this requires the development of new fibers in the future for environmental protection.

In addition, the development of new textile fibers depends on the level of polymer science, and the development level of Polymer Science in China is relatively low, which leads to the import of many high performance materials and high value-added products. For example, the production of medical suture and high-performance artificial blood vessels is almost blank in our country. For this reason, scientific research workers should devote themselves to developing various high performance polymer materials, thus promoting the development and application of new textile fibers.

Two. Development significance of new fibers

The application of new textile materials gives the traditional textile industry vitality, coupled with the integration of textile machinery and electricity, intelligent propulsion and new production processes, making this ancient industry full of vitality and resuspension. The continuous development and application of new natural fibers not only save energy such as petroleum, but also reduce environmental pollution. Natural fibers have certain affinity to human body. Some natural fibers also have health care functions. With the pursuit of natural and natural return, the development and use of natural fibers are increasing, so that they have broader market prospects.

Three. Classification of new fibers

1. New natural fibers

There are two main types of new natural fibers: natural colored cotton and modified wool. Ordinary cotton fabric needs to be coloured by chemical bleaching and dyeing process, and the textile made of natural colored cotton can have colorful colors without chemical dyeing and finishing. It can be regarded as a green product in real sense. At present, natural colored cotton mainly consists of three series of colored cotton, brown, green and brown.

With the increasing consumption of green textiles, there is great hope for the use of natural colored cotton. Modified wool is processed through wool deformation, so that the diameter of wool fiber can be thinner 0.5-1? M, the handle feels soft and delicate, and its moisture absorption, abrasion resistance, heat preservation and dyeing properties are all improved.

2. New cellulose fiber

The new cellulose fiber, known as the "green fiber" in twenty-first Century, has the characteristics of soft handle, good drapability, mercerized luster, moisture absorption, breathability, antistatic and high humidity. The new fibers mainly include Lyocell, model, riche (lissai), and so on. The new blend of cellulose fiber and other fibers has been expanding, breaking through the pattern of viscose fiber used mainly in coarse woolen fabrics. It has been applied to the development of worsted products and knitwear, which has improved the product quality and is suitable for making women's clothing and casual wear.

3, soybean protein fiber

Soybean protein fiber is a kind of regenerated plant protein fiber. The regenerated protein fiber is made from the protein dissolving liquid extracted from natural animal milk or plant. It has the advantages of low monofilament density, small density, high strength and elongation, good acid resistance and alkali resistance, soft handle, wool like handle, silky soft luster, moisture absorption and moisture permeability of cotton fiber, comfort in wearing and wool's warmth in wool, but the heat resistance is poor and the fiber itself is beige. In addition, the varieties of soybean protein fiber have wide adaptability, better wool type products, better women's clothing style, and cotton fabric is an ideal medium and heavy fabric.

4. Water soluble fiber

Water soluble fiber is a kind of process fiber that is excessive in textile fibers. It is a fiber that can be dissolved in water under certain process conditions. Most of the fiber is mainly blended in other fibers. It can make the fabric of textile yarn thin and fluffy. It makes the surface soft, thin and fluffy. It mainly consists of water soluble vinylon, water soluble PVA, water soluble K - - II, etc.

The advantages of water-soluble fiber spinning are: 1. Low cost of raw materials; water soluble PVA fiber can be used for spinning low wool density, light weight products, low efficiency, high efficiency, water-soluble fiber, spinning, breakage reduction, yarn strength increasing, irregularity reduction, defect reduction, fabric grade. After water soluble fiber blended, the fabric's waxy, fluffy, comprehensive style value (THV) and so on have been improved.

5, functional fiber

Functional fibers can be divided into 3 main categories: the first one is to modify conventional synthetic fibers and overcome their inherent shortcomings; the second is to aim at the original properties of natural fibers and chemical fibers, and to give them additional properties such as heat storage, conductivity, water absorption, moisture absorption, antibacterial, odor elimination, aroma and flame retardance by chemical and physical modification methods, making them more suitable for human comfort and decoration applications; and third kinds of high-performance fibers, such as high strength, high modulus, heat resistance and flame retardance, with special functions. It mainly includes organic conductive fiber, elastic fiber, UV resistant fiber, antibacterial and deodorant fiber, negative ion fiber, chitin fiber, high moisture absorbent fiber and so on. High function fibers are mainly used in some aspects of production and life, especially in these aspects.

6. Differential fiber

Differential fiber is a kind of fiber with some characteristics and functions made by means of physical and chemical modification of conventional fibers. Its narrow definition is only for the use of fiber, and the broad definition includes the application field of all fiber products.

Its functions include antistatic, anti pilling, dustproof, conductive, anti radiation, super functional fibers, biological functional fibers, etc. Differential fiber has the characteristics of improving adaptability, improving fiber properties, naturalization, individuation, increasing product added value and improving spinnability.

7, high performance fiber

High performance fibers are mechanical properties with special strength of 18cN / dtex and initial modulus 441cN / dtex. The main varieties are aramid fiber, aromatic polyester, ultra-high molecular weight high strength polyethylene fiber and so on. Inorganic fibers are mainly carbon fibers. High performance fibers have good strength and elongation properties, shear properties, fatigue resistance, good insulation and heat dissipation performance. The performance of different high-performance fibers is different.

8, high sensitive fiber

High sensitive fiber refers to a kind of fiber in high functional fiber, which has a special contribution to the handle, style, touch, texture and appearance of the finished fabric. It makes the final product wearable, or has a unique style, or better than natural fiber, or achieves the special wearing function. It is the general name of "new synthetic fiber", "super simulation fiber", "super natural fiber" and the following new kinds of fiber. It is also known as the new perceptual fiber.

Four. Development trend and direction of new textile fiber materials

At present, under the influence of the global sustainable development strategy, many countries are committed to research new fibers which do not affect the ecological environment and make use of ecological resources. The new fiber materials must be tested by toxicology and have corresponding signs, which meet the requirements of environmental protection, ecology and human health.

The new-type textile materials has become the developing direction of the world. Using green raw materials to develop ecological fibers, developing biodegradable fibers with biotechnology, saving resources and recycling fiber materials have become the trend of new development of textile materials at present.

Using green raw materials to develop new fibers and utilizing green materials to develop new fibers has become the main way of research and development of new textile materials. From edible bananas, wheat, soybeans, corn, milk, shrimp and crab until wood, insects and spiders become the source of new fiber materials. Today's green raw materials include natural raw materials, refined products based on natural substances and reprocessed products of old fibers.

Recycling materials are the raw materials and energy used in the continuous recycling to make rational use and save ecological resources. Modern textile requires materials to be recycled and regenerated for sustainable development. Therefore, the development and utilization of recycled materials should be the trend of the development of new materials in the future. Natural fiber material is a huge renewable biopolymer resource on the earth. As a resource recycling material from nature and back to nature, it has an irreplaceable development advantage.

Man-made fiber materials, as traditional textile materials, are mostly natural renewable non oil resources, which meet the needs of sustainable development. Synthetic fibers are mostly petroleum compounds, while petroleum is a native resource, and conventional synthetic fibers are non renewable and non degradable.

At present, how to recycle and regenerate synthetic fibers is the focus of ecological materials research. It is also the most active waste disposal method to control environmental pollution, save resources and energy, and promote the recycling of synthetic materials. A chemical recycling system has been developed for recycling and recovering monomers of polymers and fibers. Returning to nature and adapting to the environment is the general trend of development of textile materials.

The development of ecological textile materials provides a guarantee for the protection of the living environment and the sustainable development of the textile industry, which is in line with the requirements of the green and environment-friendly era in twenty-first Century. With the civilization and progress of the society, the textile industry in the future will be considered as a green ecological industry.

Concluding remarks

The new fiber is the traditional fiber is no longer satisfied with the needs of people in some aspects, to solve the defects of traditional fibers came into being. It reflects people's demand for textile materials. At the same time, the development of new fibers reflects the development trend and direction of fiber materials in the future. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the current development and types of new fibers for further development and development of new fibers in the future.